Workshops at ICNR2024 are either half-day or full day sessions dedicated to a specific topic. They are interactive in nature, potentially combining oral presentations, hands-on or demonstration activities, mini-poster sessions, panel discussions, etc. Contributors to the Workshops are invited and encouraged to submit Extended Abstracts (2 pages) which will be published in the Proceedings as a book upon acceptance.
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Hospital Los Madroños (HLM) – Site Visit and Associated Workshops
Please visit our Conference Transportation page here for more information on getting to Hospital Los Madroños.
HLM Half-day Workshops – Morning session
WS02. EMG-based control of peripheral electrical stimulation – A new alternative to reduce pathological tremor
Cristina Montero Pardo (Cajal Institute, CSIC)
Filipe Oliveira Barroso (Cajal Institute, CSIC)
Recently, we have witnessed the emergence of peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) as an alternative to reduce pathological tremor. This hands-on workshop will shed light on the mechanisms responsible for tremor generation and reduction, as well as the principles behind the application of phase-locked PES. Attendees will be able to practice some techniques currently used to deliver customized PES, as well as to assess its neuromodulation effects.
- Peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) as an alternative to reduce pathological tremor
- Presentation of the most common devices currently used in a clinical trial with essential tremor patients
- Coffee Break
- Hands-on part 1. GUI used to control PES in real-time and practice with equipment used to assess neuromodulation effects.
- Hands-on part 2. Simulation of tremorgenic movement patterns and delivery of phase-locked PES.
- Collective discussion on this topic.
Max capacity: 20PAX.
Vanesa Soto León (SESCAM. Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos. Grupo FENNSI)
The workshop titled “Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation” aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge techniques that facilitate the modulation of brain activity without the need for surgical intervention. With a focus on transcranial static magnetic stimulation (tSMS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), brain-computer interfaces (BCI), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and paired associative stimulation (PAS), this workshop seeks to elucidate the principles, applications, and therapeutic implications of non-invasive brain stimulation modalities. Transcranial static magnetic stimulation (tSMS) represents a novel approach to modulating cortical excitability by applying static magnetic fields to the brain. With its potential to induce lasting neuroplastic changes, tSMS holds promise as a tool for cognitive enhancement, motor rehabilitation, and psychiatric intervention. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a versatile technique for modulating neural circuits through the application of magnetic pulses to specific cortical regions. With applications spanning from neuropsychiatric disorders to motor rehabilitation, TMS offers insights into the functional organization of the human brain and holds therapeutic potential in diverse clinical contexts. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) involves the application of low-amplitude electrical currents to modulate cortical excitability. With its simplicity, affordability, and portability, tDCS has garnered attention as a potential intervention for cognitive enhancement, motor rehabilitation, and mood regulation, underscoring its versatility across diverse clinical and non-clinical domains. Paired associative stimulation (PAS) represents a paradigm that combines peripheral nerve stimulation with transcranial magnetic or electrical stimulation to induce neuroplastic changes in the brain. By harnessing the principles of synaptic plasticity, PAS offers insights into the mechanisms underlying motor learning, rehabilitation, and cognitive enhancement, with implications for personalized interventions and therapeutic strategies.
- Welcome and Introduction
- Session 1: Introduction to Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques
- Session 2: Practical Demonstrations
- TMS
- tDCS
- tSMS
- PAS
- Coffee Break
- Session 3: Hands-On Practice
- Session 4: Discussion and Q&A
- Closing Remarks
Max capacity: 20PAX.
Francesca Lunardini (Hospital Los Madroños / INNTEGRA)
Iris Jakob (TYROMOTION)
Stroke-induced spasticity originates from plastic rearrangement in the central nervous system, and it seriously affects patients’ quality of life. Typical features of post-stroke spasticity, such as hypertonia, paresis, and muscle spasms, are attributed to the underlying neural mechanisms. However, spasticity cannot be regarded as the sole consequence of the neural mechanism or central neural system injury. Non-neural mechanisms can also have secondary effects that contribute to the clinical symptoms of increased muscle stiffness and muscle fatigue.
Spasticity is simple to observe clinically but at the same time it is complex to quantify because of the involvement of multiple elements that contribute to spasticity. Commonly used tools are subjective clinical scales, including the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and the Tardieu Scale. The first one was designed to measure muscle tone by rotating a joint and estimating the resistance, while the second one velocity is incorporated into the assessment. Most of these scales are prone to reliability and inter-operator reproducibility issues.
Researchers have been trying to obtain objective data for the quantitative measurement and study of spasticity. For instance, electrophysiological measurements, such as the ones of the reflex activities of the H-reflex and F-waves, can be used for objective evaluation of post-stroke spasticity. Another noninvasive technique is represented by surface electromyography (sEMG). In combination with joint angle measurements, sEMG can also be employed to study the tonic stretch reflex threshold (TSRT). Spasticity assessment can be conducted also through robots specifically designed for hand rehabilitation, as in the case of the Amadeo (Tyromotion, Austria).
This workshop will illustrate spasticity from a clinical perspective and will guide the audience through different quantitative assessment methods for spasticity, with hands-on examples on patients.
- What is Spasticity? by Natacha León (Hospital Los Madroños)
- Quantitative Estimation Methods: clinical scales, neural contribution measurements, and devices by Elena Orcajo and Francesca Lunardini (Hospital Los Madroños) and Iris Jakob (TYROMOTION)
- Coffee Break
- Hands-on on quantitative estimation methods: clinical scales, H-reflex and F-wave, EMG, Amadeo Tyromotion by Rocio Urrutia (Hospital Los Madroños) and Iris Jakob (TYROMOTION)
Max capacity: 20PAX.
HLM Half-day Workshops – Afternoon session
Francesca Lunardini (Hospital Los Madroños/INNTEGRA)
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. PD is generally associated with slow movements, tremors, rigidity, and postural instability. However, the clinical spectrum of PD is wider, with patients presenting other fine motor complications including voice and speech impairments, or changes in oculomotor function. In addition, there is an increasing awareness that symptoms encompass also many non-motor domains like cognition and autonomic function. The clinical heterogeneity of PD is a significant challenge, both for diagnosis and treatment. We witness a strong variability among patients, who present varying combinations of symptoms, with pathological impairments advancing at different rates. Response to treatment varies from patient to patient, requiring optimal treatment plans tailored to each subject. Such between-subject variability may underlie biological and pathophysiological differences. This highlights the need for the identification of subtypes of PD based on symptomatology as homogeneous groups may reflect a common clinical, pathological, and genetic coherence. This may in turn facilitate the diagnosis process, and lead to tailored treatment strategies. Clinical scales are still the clinical gold-standard assessment. Due to their inherent limitations, such as low granularity and low responsiveness to change, it is unlikely that they can capture the complexity of PD. Against this background, technology-based assessment could represent a solution. It provides objective, fine-grained measurements capable of detecting small changes in motor and non-motor functions. In addition, the combination of multiple assessment techniques fits well the multi-domain spectrum of PD. This workshop aims to provide participants with an overarching view of multi-modal technology-based assessment of PD patients, with the goal of facilitating the discrimination of data-driven patient subtypes, and the quantification of treatment effects.
- Using multi-modal technologies for the objective assessment of diverse disease symptoms: the clinician and the scientist points-of-view
- Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis and Symptoms: the clinical perspective by Elisa Luque Buzo (Hospital Gregorio Marañón)
- Multi-Modal Technology-Based Assessment of Parkinson’s Disease within the AI4HA Project by Francesca Lunardini (Hospital los Madroños), Jorge Andrés Gómez García (BioRobotics Group of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)), Karan Chugani (Starlab)
- Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis and Symptoms: the clinical perspective by Elisa Luque Buzo (Hospital Gregorio Marañón)
- Coffee Break
- Practical Demonstration
- Motor and Non-motor Function Assessment in PD using multiple sensors and Fine-motor Function Assessment in PD by Francesca Lunardini, Teresa Rodríguez Millán, Miguel Ángel Ferre Bañón, Jorge Andrés Gómez García, Karan Chugani
Max capacity: 20PAX.
Patrick Sagastegui (Imperial College London)
In this workshop, we will introduce techniques for surface EMG recordings to estimate the neural signal sent to muscles from the output layer of the spinal cord circuitries. Specifically, we will present methods for multi-channel EMG acquisition and their applications in neurorehabilitation, such as in prosthetics and neurofeedback. Students will be engaged in recording and processing EMG signals using instruments and tools provided by the organizers. They will learn to extract features from the EMG signals and train an algorithm to control a virtual cursor on the screen or a prosthetic hand.
REQUIREMENTS:
– Laptop: PC or Mac with a minimum of 16 GB RAM.
– Software: Matlab 2024 or latest
– Material: Download in advance material (Content available before workshop date): https://github.com/pat352/ICNR2024
- Demo of prosthetic control with EMG by Patrick Sagastegui
- Introduction to workshop project and EMG acquisition systems by Patrick Sagastegui
- Myocontrol pipeline
- Interfacing with the nervous system
- Fundamental signals for motor control
- Peripheral interfacing
- Data driven control
- Intelligent prosthesis
- Project structure and task overview by Patrick Sagastegui
- Implementation of feature extraction by Patrick Sagastegui and Jumpei Kashiwakura
- Coffee Break
- Implementation of algorithm training by Patrick Sagastegui and Jumpei Kashiwakura
- Testing algorithm. Checking progress and solution. by Patrick Sagastegui and Jumpei Kashiwakura
- Demo of testing prosthetic control with EMG by Patrick Sagastegui
- Discussions & questions by Patrick Sagastegui and Jumpei Kashiwakura
Max capacity: 20PAX.
Salvatore Luca Cucinella (TU Delft)
To effectively design rehabilitative technology, it is crucial for stakeholders to understand the difficulties that patients experience and empathize with them. Active participation of patients in the development of rehabilitation technology can ensure the understanding of the complexities of their needs. Yet their involvement is often limited to the end of the process, such as usability testing. Stakeholders involved in the design process, including professionals from hospitals, universities, and industries, often underestimate the insights patients gain during their recovery journey in the interactions with different experts and technologies. These are multidisciplinary experiences where patients not only learn about treatments and their own health but also develop opinions and expertise that go beyond the technical considerations and knowledge of their caregivers. Hence, their participation in each stage of the development process may significantly enhance transdisciplinary collaboration, leading to more inclusive and user-centered technology. To address this issue, we – an international team of designers, engineers, and clinical personnel – propose to conduct a Participatory design workshop to consider the patient as an expert who is involved at each stage of a co-creative design process. We will invite participants to work in groups with former patients who suffered from a stroke and relatives to address their specific needs. We will provide a design challenge related to patients’ functioning in daily life (e.g., grasping issues during grocery shopping), allow them to reflect on the experienced difficulties and prototype rehabilitative technology that could help train the motor issue. We will share methods (e.g., personas, MoSCoW prioritization, rapid prototyping) for co-creating with patients, illustrating the benefits of this design approach. We expect to stimulate participants to embrace more Participatory design approaches in their future endeavors.
- OPEN & Introduction
- Activity 1: Empathizing with end-users
- Activity 2: Defining and Ideation
- Coffee Break
- Activity 3: Prototyping
- Activity 4: Discussing prototyping
- Conclusions
Max capacity: 20PAX.
Workshops at ICNR2024 conference venue
Venue Half-day Workshops – Morning session
Eduardo Iáñez Martínez (Miguel Hernández University of Elche, UMH)
This workshop presents cutting-edge research focused on advancing rehabilitation methods for individuals with incomplete spinal cord injuries (iSCI), specifically targeting improvements in locomotion. By combining various methodologies, we aim to revolutionize current approaches. Firstly, we propose the development of a novel type of Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) that can intuitively interpret users’ intentions, enabling natural control of lower-limb powered robotic systems. Secondly, we intend to introduce new metrics derived from sophisticated biomechanical analysis techniques. These metrics will provide objective insights into gait patterns and the underlying biomechanical and physiological mechanisms involved in the recovery process. Lastly, we aim to explore innovative transcutaneous spinal current stimulation (tSCS) strategies designed to enhance locomotion by inducing neuroplasticity. The development of this innovative rehabilitation strategy is being carried out under the national ReGait project involving three institutions: National Hospital for Paraplegics (HNP), Institut Guttmann (IG), and Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH).
- Workshop welcome
- Concepts and current challenges of the ReGAIT project by José M. Azorín (Miguel Hernández University of Elche)
- Brain-computer interfaces + questions/discussion by Eduardo Iáñez and Paula Soriano Segura (Miguel Hernández University of Elche)
- Transcutaneous spinal stimulation + questions/discussion by Hatice Kumru Cam and Agustín Hernández Navarro (Institut Guttmann)
- Coffee Break
- Biomechanical analysis and general metrics + questions/discussion by Lucía García González and Isabel Sinovas Alonso (National Hospital for Paraplegics)
- Experimental demo of the biomechanical analysis using the software developed by National Hospital for Paraplegics
- Round table: Discussion about applicability of the protocol in patients in terms of instrumentation, duration of the trials, fatigue, and other limitations by Eduardo Iáñez, Hatice Kumru Cam, and Lucía García González
Max capacity: 35PAX.
WS09. Challenges and future directions for reliable assessment in neurorehabilitation
Marianna Semprini (IIT)
Florencia Garro (IIT)
Indya Ceroni (IIT)
In the field of neurorehabilitation, accurately tracking limb movements, motor commands, and neural activity is crucial for understanding and monitoring sensorimotor recovery. The use of kinematics, electromyography (EMG), and brain activity analysis provides clinicians and researchers with precise, objective measurements of a patient’s abilities. These measurements not only allow for the objective monitoring of progress but also facilitate the evaluation of treatment effects and the customization of interventions based on individual patient needs. Notwithstanding, they are crucial for quantifying the technical performance of the device and its physical impact on the user. Several initiatives have been proposed to create global benchmarking that is based on such measurements to facilitate the transition of these devices from labs to real-world applications. Objectives are:
- Address the key challenges in using biomarkers (kinematics, EMG, brain activity) for assessing rehabilitative devices, including clinical, technological, and methodological perspectives.
- Evaluate how biomarkers are currently integrated into device assessments, highlighting strengths, limitations, and areas for improvement.
- Discuss use cases aiming to translate lab technologies to real clinical applications and how they utilize biomarkers for assessment.
- Principles and ingredients of benchmarking by Diego Torricelli (Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council)
- A unified scheme for the benchmarking of upper limb functions in neurological disorders by Marta Gandolla (Polytechnic University of Milan)
- Challenges and future directions using muscle synergies for reliable assessment in neurorehabilitation by Andrea D’Avella (University of Rome Tor Vergata and IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia)
- Application of EMG and muscle synergies for the assessment of post-stroke patients by Nerea Irastorza-Landa (Tecnalia)
- Multi-modal longitudinal motor evaluation of a single post-stroke patient: clinical, behavioural, peripheral and central assessment by Ander Ramos Murguialday (Tecnalia)
- Human-robot interaction: integration of biomarkers into clinical practice by Eleonora Guanziroli (Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Center)
- Coffee Break
- Round-Table Discussion
- Moderated discussion on challenges and future directions in neurorehabilitation assessment.
- Open dialogue among participants and speakers.
- Addressing questions raised during keynote presentations.
- Breakout Rooms: Participants will be divided into small groups to participate in focused breakout sessions. Each group will explore and discuss key topics related to biomarker integration in neurorehabilitation, guided by the speakers. Each group will synthesize their findings, contributing to a collective understanding that will inform the workshop’s concluding discussion.
- Standardization: Exploring the need for common protocols and guidelines to ensure uniformity and accuracy in biomarker assessment.
- Transferability: Examining how biomarker methodologies can be applied across different clinical settings and patient populations.
- Shareability: Discussing strategies for data sharing and the use of open-access repositories to enhance collaborative research and innovation.
- Closure Session
Fabio Egle (Friedrich-Alexander Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg; FAU)
Despite continuous progress in myocontrol based on pattern recognition, issues remain due to intra- and inter-session inconsistencies of electromyography signals. These include electrode shifts, limb position effects, or the inability to replicate training activations. In recent years, more and more research has been conducted on the topic of (co-)adaptive myocontrol, which tackles the problem of temporal signal inconsistencies through regular updates of the prediction model. On the one hand, interactive supervised methods, which can be updated on a specific trigger, have been investigated. This could be a subjective decision by the user or based on more objective reasons (e.g., declining prediction confidence). On the other hand, unsupervised methods like non-negative matrix factorization or autoencoders have been employed to find and update muscle synergies incrementally. The latter allows training even though the user is not able to elicit accurate labels for their muscle activity. Both (supervised and unsupervised) methods can be used in a co-adaptive fashion over an extended period, meaning that while the user learns to control the system, the system improves its understanding of the user’s signals further and further. Our workshop focuses on (co-)adaptive myocontrol methods, which can be incrementally updated, and their application for upper limb prosthetic control. The speakers give presentations (1) on innovative developments and applications in user and clinical studies of this promising technological path. Afterward, participants can discuss developments, limitations, and implications of this technology with all speakers in the workshop’s discussion slot (2). Finally, in the demonstration slot (3), participants will be able to come into direct contact with the developed technologies and experience them hands-on. The workshop aims to sensibilize the scientific community to the topic and works as an interdisciplinary conversation, bringing together the expertise of engineers and clinicians.
- Evan Campbell
- Ulysse Cote-Allard
- Patrick Pilarski
- Ivan Vujaklija
- Coffee Break
- Niccolo Boccardo
- Roberto Meattini
- Discussion
- Demos
Ana de los Reyes Guzmán (Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Spain)
Neurological diseases of the central nervous system are becoming increasingly common in the world’s population. These include stroke, multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury, with stroke being the most common. All of them have very important motor sequelae in the people who suffer from them, which greatly affect the patient’s level of independence in activities of daily living and condition his or her social participation. This is where technology plays a very important role in the rehabilitation of neurological patients. A concrete example is the virtual reality-based therapies that are being developed to complement the conventional therapy that patients receive. These rehabilitative technological solutions are being created and developed with the active participation of multidisciplinary teams that bring together clinical and engineering profiles to create devices that reach patients and adapt virtual applications to their needs. In addition, a very important aspect is to take advantage of the use of technology to evaluate the possible improvement of patients in the motor aspect in an objective way, defining functional assessment metrics and comparing the movement patterns performed during the execution of motor tasks in virtual environments and in real physical environments. Therefore, we present this proposal in a workshop format, where we intend to present the contributions of technology to neurorehabilitation, specifying the solutions based on Virtual Reality; the clinical needs of neurological patients; systems and technologies of Virtual and Augmented Reality; and biomechanics and kinematic metrics to assess motion quality; and finally, the realization of practical activities, proposing workstations with real equipment that the participants can try out. Some of these systems are the result of the speakers’ research projects such as RehabHand or RehabImmersive software based on Leap Motion Controller and Oculus Quest 2, and virtual reality cycling platform.
- Workshop Introduction by Ana de los Reyes Guzmán and Begoña Polonio
- How technology contributes to the rehabilitation of patients with neurological disorders by Begoña Polonio López and Juan José Bernal Jiménez (Technological Innovation Applied to Health Research Group)
- Immersive Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Systems for Physical Therapy: Technical aspects by Dorothy Monekosso (University of Durham)
- Clinical application of Virtual Reality for motor rehabilitation: needs of spinal cord injury patients and Kinematic metrics to assess motion quality by Ana de los Reyes Guzmán and Raquel Perales Gómez (Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos)
- Virtual Reality Cycling Platform for Lower Limb Rehabilitation by Ana Rojo Agustí (Spanish National Research Council; Centre for Automation and Robotics (CAR) CSIC-UPM; BioRobotics Group)
- Coffee Break
- Hands-on demonstration in parallel with the following rehabilitation systems:
- Physio Galenus system by David Vallejo (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha)
- Virtual Reality Cycling Platform for Lower Limb by Ana Rojo Agustí
- VR system to support rehabilitation (activities of daily living) in a home environment by Dorothy Monekosso
- Non-immersive Virtual Reality for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: RehabHand software based on Leap Motion Controller by Raquel Perales Gómez
- Immersive Virtual Reality for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: RehabImmersive by Ana de los Reyes Guzmán
Max capacity: 30PAX.
Clara Beatriz Sanz Morère (Cajal Institute)
Anne Marie Laudanski (University of Waterloo)
Stefano Mazzoleni (Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic University of Bari)
Acquired neurological disorders often lead to mobility deficits resulting in slow, fatiguing, and unstable walking that reduces the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. Rehabilitation robots offer cutting-edge features that can provide high-dosage and task-oriented training with personalized assistance. Considering that there is growing evidence that neuroplasticity can be enhanced by developing patient-specific rehabilitation programs, these characteristics make wearable robots great candidates to enhance neuroplasticity during rehabilitation programs. Neuroplasticity occurs at all stages of life, wherein the central nervous system adapts by reinnervating denervated regions or creating new pathways or circuits through which information flow from the brain to specific areas of the body can be restored in response to internal and external stimuli. Despite its crucial role in recovery, investigation of neuroplasticity has proved challenging and remains poorly explored in the literature to date. The workshop aims at:
- Answering several questions that arise from the literature, including: is it possible to correlate functional recovery with neuroplasticity adaptations or model neuroplasticity from functional outcomes? Is it feasible to include neuroplasticity measuring techniques in current rehabilitation robots? Could novel technologies be an asset for boosting neuroplasticity? Where could researchers help in advancing current practices?
- Fostering an open dialogue between researchers, clinicians and even patients to discuss the benefits and limitations of fostering neuroplasticity in the context of neurorehabilitation. The discussion will focus on the potential role of technology towards enhancing neuroplasticity.
The workshop will be divided into three sections: 1. Introduction of relevant scientific questions from 6 well-known international researchers (2h) 2. Round table discussion (1h) 3. Hands-on experience (1h)
- Neuroplasticity in neurorehabilitation by Franco Molteni (Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Center)
- Neuroplasticity in neurorehabilitation: how to measure it? by Eleonora Guanziroli (Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Center)
- Preserving natural exoskeleton-assisted walking to enhance neuroplasticity: the potential of neuromuscular controllers by Nevio Luigi Tagliamonte (Università Campus Biomedico)
- Gait Rehabilitation Robots Walking Home by Robert Riener (ETH Zurich)
- Coffee Break
- Brain plasticity enhanced though peripheral stimulation by Marta Gandolla (Politecnico di Milano)
- Panel discussion
Arun Jayaraman (Shirley Ryan AbilityLab)
Megan O’Brien (Shirley Ryan AbilityLab)
Many children experience motor deficits that profoundly affect their mobility, development, and quality of life. Early intervention, such as targeted therapies and rehabilitation, can reduce the severity of these deficits by harnessing the higher levels of neuroplasticity that occur during infancy. However, there are two critical gaps in our ability to maximize outcomes for these children. First, persistent motor deficits are often detected late (i.e., two years of age or older), since symptoms at younger ages can be subtle and easily overlooked by standard clinical assessments. Second, though there a wide variety of therapeutic programs have been investigated, the most effective interventions for these children is still largely unknown. To address these gaps, researchers are turning to technologies – such as sensors, video recordings, and neuromodulation – to evaluate and engage various facets of infant motor development. Data from these technologies are high-resolution, objective, and can be analyzed automatically using advanced signal processing and machine learning. Crucially, many of these technologies are feasible to implement across the clinic, home, and community settings. As such, technology-driven solutions may offer a more precise and accessible approach to identify and intervene for at-risk infants. This workshop will explore the expanding intersection of technology and pediatric rehabilitation, showcasing the latest advancements to facilitate infant motor development. Through expert presentations, live demonstrations, and group discussions, attendees will gain valuable insights into the opportunities, challenges, and future directions of technology to improve early detection and enhance pediatric outcomes. We believe this workshop will provide a unique opportunity for interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge exchange, ultimately contributing to the advancement of pediatric rehabilitation practices.
Venue Half-day Workshops – Afternoon session
Silvana Mercante (Hospital José Néstor Lencinas, Mendoza, Argentina)
People with disabilities experience significant health inequalities compared to people without disabilities. Access to rehabilitation technologies is limited in Rehabilitation Services in low- and middle-income countries. In this context, it is also important to consider that the already high need will inevitably increase further due to demographic and epidemiological transitions. People with neurological injuries would benefit from assistive technologies by maintaining or improving autonomy, functioning, well-being, and social participation, allowing them to lead a productive, independent, and dignified life. To promote their development and use, coordinated work is required between clinical centers, research centers, universities, and companies. The adequate provision of technology in the Rehabilitation Services of hospitals in the public network is not an easy task, taking into account that it cannot depend on the distribution of the annual economic budgets of the Ministry of Health. There are barriers to its adoption, including high costs, resistance from professionals, lack of training, among others. In this sense, any healthcare organization that offers quality services must ensure that patients access new technologies safely and effectively. Other quality attributes that should be considered are access to technologies, patient satisfaction, and perception of professionals. This workshop aims to facilitate the cooperation and knowledge exchange among participants working in rehabilitation and assistance to people with neurological injuries. Special attention will be given to the management, advances, and clinical application of technologies in neurorehabilitation in Latin America. Aim: Bring together researchers from Latin America in disability and neurological rehabilitation technologies, both engineers and clinicians, promoting coordinated and teamwork.
- Presentation AITADIS by José M. Azorín
- Towards Upper- and Lower-Limb Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Patients Through Brain-Computer Interface, Cerebrospinal Stimulation and Robotic Devices by Teodiano Bastos and Anacecilia Villa-Parra
- A Novel Technique for Removing Electrocardiography Artifacts from Electroespinography signals by Preserving Low Frequencies by Desirée I. Gracia, Cristina Polo-Hortiguela, Eduardo Iáñez, Mario Ortiz and José M. Azorín
- Management of technologies in rehabilitation, accessibility and use in Argentina by Silvana Mercante
- Innovation in Action: Strategic Management to Transform Children’s Rehabilitation by Rodrigo Cubillos Bravo
- Coffee Break
- User-Centered Engineering for Rehabilitation Robotics by Marcela Munera
- Design and construction of a low-cost ankle exoskeleton for neurorehabilitation system by Cristina Polo-Hortiguela, Desiré I. Gracia, Vicente Quiles, Mario Ortiz, Eduardo Iáñez and José M. Azorín
Max capacity: 40PAX.
Simona Ferrante (Politecnico di Milano)
In the digital transformation era, we are overwhelmed by technology (e.g., wearables, smartphones, mobile apps) that are meant to simplify our quality of life. How can these tools become reliable medical devices, well-managed in the context of neurorehabilitation? The new generation of patients and caregivers are more and more empowered and active participants of their care. How can they play a role in making the process of care more efficient? In this workshop different topics will be presented such as: i) Digital medicine to optimize care/rehabilitation pathways inside and outside the hospital; ii) Digital medicine to continuously monitor individuals, allow personalized and efficient follow-up delivered at the point of need; iii) Engaging digital medicine for prevention of age-related diseases and screening learning weaknesses in children; iv) The role of AI in digital medicine. Hands-on demos and a round table with experts will be organized to discuss the challenges, the barriers and the new frontiers.
Marek Sierotowicz (Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU)
Monitoring human kinematics is fundamental in both rehabilitation sciences and assistive applications. For assistance, automated kinematics tracking is crucial in facilitating the functional assessment of a patient’s motion capabilities and discerning their specific needs. In rehabilitation, achieving a real-time, precise, and accurate estimation of the user’s musculoskeletal configuration is paramount for numerous wearable robotics applications to optimize assistive forces. Beyond these examples, the utility of human kinematics tracking extends to broader fields such as teleoperation, ergonomics, biomechanics, and more. Each application presents diverse requirements regarding precision and accuracy, adding a layer of complexity to the challenge of finding the optimal implementation. Human posture tracking is a complex problem subject to numerous trade-offs, both due to the limitations of the available technologies and to the characteristics of the human body itself. For one, any wearable measurement system designed for skeletal kinematics monitoring is susceptible to errors due to soft tissue artifacts. Secondly, the human skeleton features numerous redundant, hard to observe degrees of freedom. On the technology front, various measurement techniques and sensors were developed over the years, often within the scope of a particular field, and sometimes remained relegated there. Thus, finding the optimal technology for a given application is not trivial. This workshop aims to provide participants with a comprehensive view of the current state of posture tracking, incorporating diverse perspectives from experts in sensor technologies and end applications across academia, clinics, and industry. The goal is to offer a transversal overview of the technology across different fields and foster the networking of researchers active in human kinematics tracking.
- The use of IMUs for the monitoring of human kinematics by Thomas Seel
- 3D Human Pose Tracking with RFID by Shiwen Mao
- How do you maintain posture? The role of Brownian processes in human neuromotor control by Federico Tessari
- Modern Gait- and Posture Analysis using Surface Topography by Marcel Betsch
- 1st Panel Discussion
- Monitoring human kine(ma)tics in wearable robotics: simple approaches for online measurements by Philipp Berckerle
- Human-Exoskeleton Synergy: Overcoming Challenges and Unlocking Potential in Motion Assessment by Giulia Bodo
- HDsEMG bracelets for movements classification by Andrea Bottin
- SELFEX: an XR hand movement training platform by Erika Triviño-Tonato
- 2nd Panel Discussion
Sarah Lim (Fourier Rehab)
Lana Popovic (Kurage)
Patricia Barroso (Mindmaze)
Part 1, A Case-study Centered on Clinical Patient Data: This interactive workshop presents a patient case study from a Spanish clinic. The aim is to challenge the attendees to identify rehabilitation technologies that are suitable to solve the patient’s issues and goals. Attendees will be introduced to the case, which has been carefully selected to illustrate the complexities and opportunities within the field of rehabilitative care. The workshop will feature hands-on presentations from more than five leading rehabilitation technology companies, each showcasing their unique technological contributions to the field. These companies represent the pinnacle of innovation in rehabilitation, offering attendees a glimpse into the future of patient care. Following the case study presentation, participants will be divided into three groups, fostering a dynamic environment for collaborative problem-solving. Each group will engage in a guided discussion on how the different technologies presented could be applied to the identified problem or goal within the case study. The aim is to encourage multidisciplinary dialogue and brainstorming, providing a platform for attendees to conceptualise how various technological approaches can be integrated to create a comprehensive rehabilitation solution. This workshop is designed for healthcare professionals, engineers, researchers, and students passionate about enhancing rehabilitation practices through technology. It promises to be a fertile ground for innovation, networking, and exchanging ideas that will shape the future of rehabilitative medicine.
Part 2, From Concept to Clinics – Technology Innovation Workshop: This interactive workshop presents a patient case study from a Spanish hospital. The aim is to challenge the attendees to identify the patient’s challenges and create an idea to solve the patient’s issues. The workshop begins with a detailed presentation of a real-life case study, carefully selected for its relevance and potential for technological application. The case has been selected to illustrate the complexities and opportunities within the field of rehabilitative care. Following the case presentation, participants will be divided into three groups, each tasked with a singular mission: conceptualising and designing technological solutions tailored to the specific challenges presented in the case study. We hope to have an equal mix of those with clinical, research and engineering backgrounds within the groups. The hands-on, collaborative session will challenge attendees to think creatively and apply their multidisciplinary knowledge to design innovative technologies that address real-world problems. Emphasising commercial potential, the groups are given a tight deadline of three minutes to pitch their design concepts to a panel representing successful companies in the field. This format simulates real-world tech development and commercialisation pressures and considerations. This exercise will hone participants’ abilities to rapidly develop and communicate ideas that align with business strategies, market demands, and investor expectations. It provides a rare opportunity to think critically about the pathway from problem identification to marketable products, ensuring that proposed solutions are technically feasible and commercially viable. This workshop is essential for those who aspire to impact the rehabilitation sector with technologies that succeed both in clinical efficacy and the competitive marketplace. It offers a space where the fusion of innovative thought and business acumen can lead to real-world applications that enhance patient care and achieve commercial success.
Andrea Marinelli (IIT)
In recent years, the integration of feedback solutions into rehabilitative and bionics devices has garnered increasing attention due to its potential to revolutionize the functionality and user experience of these devices. This workshop aims to delve into the pivotal reasons for introducing feedback solutions, emphasizing their significance in improving the overall performance and adaptability of rehabilitation procedures. The workshop will address the crucial information required for effective feedback mechanisms, exploring the sensory input essential for users to seamlessly interact with the device. Participants will gain insights into identifying and prioritizing the most crucial information, laying the foundation for advanced bionics designs. Two distinct approaches will be discussed in the workshop: invasive and non-invasive solutions. The invasive solutions session will explore cutting-edge technologies that involve direct integration with the user’s nervous system, offering insights into novel feedback. In contrast, the non-invasive solutions session will focus on innovations that leverage external sensors and interfaces to restore essential information without direct neural connections. The session will end up with a round table to involve the audience in a discussion about the presented topics. The discussion will provide a platform for participants to collectively explore the reasons behind the limited availability of such advanced technologies in the market. Participants will engage in an open dialogue to uncover challenges, ethical considerations, and potential avenues for overcoming barriers to widespread adoption. To enhance the workshop’s interactive nature, speakers are encouraged to bring their own devices for live demonstrations, fostering a hands-on learning environment. Join us in this collaborative exploration of the future of feedback solutions and contribute to the advancement of technology that directly impacts the lives of individuals.
- Matteo Laffranchi (RTECH)
- Strahinja Dosen (AAU)
- Solaiman Shokur (EPFL)
- Max Ortiz-Catalan (NPRB)
- Demo Session
- Round table – Enhancing Rehabilitative and Bionics Feedback Solutions
Max capacity: 60PAX.
B.J. Fregly (Rice University)
This hands-on workshop will introduce the European research community to the Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling (NMSM) Pipeline (https://nmsm.rice.edu), which is open source Matlab-based software that adds Model Personalization and Treatment Optimization toolsets to the OpenSim musculoskeletal modeling software. Attendees will learn how to use the four tools available in the Model Personalization toolset and the three tools available in the Treatment Optimization toolset. Starting with a scaled generic OpenSim model and experimental motion capture, ground reaction, and EMG data, the Model Personalization toolset allows users to personalize 1) joint functional axes, 2) muscle-tendon model properties, 3) neural control model properties using muscle synergies, and 4) foot-ground contact model properties. Next, starting with this personalized model and the same experimental data, the Treatment Optimization toolset allows users to perform:
- a Tracking Optimization that closely reproduces experimental joint motion, ground reaction, joint moment, and EMG data simultaneously using muscle synergy controls,
- a Verification Optimization that verifies the muscle synergy controls found by Tracking Optimization can reproduce all available experimental data without tracking it, and finally
- a Design Optimization that performs predictive simulations to design a clinical intervention.
The workshop will also introduce the European research community to the Stroke Grand Challenge Competition to be held for the next four years at the American Society of Biomechanics annual conference. For each competition, we will provide an extensive walking data set, a personalized neuromusculoskeletal model, and an NMSM Pipeline Tracking Optimization for a new individual post-stroke and will challenge the neuromusculoskeletal modeling research community to use the NMSM Pipeline (or the software of choice) to design a personalized intervention that will improve walking speed and bilateral symmetry.
- Section 1: Overview of NMSM Pipeline and Stroke Grand Challenge Competition
- Overview of NMSM Pipeline by B.J. Fregly
- Overview of Stroke Grand Challenge Competition by B.J. Fregly
- Overview of NMSM Pipeline by B.J. Fregly
- Section 2: Details of NMSM Pipeline, Hands-on Tutorials, and Real-life Examples
- Model Personalization Toolset
- Joint model personalization tool by Rob Salati
- Muscle-tendon model personalization tool by Spencer Williams
- Neural control model personalization tool by Rob Salati
- Ground contact model personalization tool by Spencer Williams
- Joint model personalization tool by Rob Salati
- Treatment Optimization Toolset
- Tracking optimization tool by Kayla Pariser
- Verification optimization tool by Kayla Pariser
- Design optimization tool by Kayla Pariser
- Tracking optimization tool by Kayla Pariser
- Model Personalization Toolset
Max capacity: 50PAX.
October 28, 2024: Software installation prior to attending the workshop is required; instructions have been emailed on Oct 28th to those who indicated interest in WS17 in their registration form. Please also don’t forget to bring your laptop chargers with plug adapters.
Robert Riener, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Technologies lack acceptance because requirements by clinicians and patients are not sufficiently considered by the developers. One possible reason for this is that there is a lack of communication and interaction between the different disciplines (e.g., engineers and clinicians) and professions (e.g., care persons, therapists, physicians). This workshop serves to bring together engineers, therapists, and physicians, and other health care experts in order to bridge the gap in the field and improve the applicability and acceptance of robotic technologies in rehabilitation. We will invite our clinical members of ICORR (Int. Consortium of Rehabilitation Robotics) to give ICNR participants and ICORR members a greater outreach and visibility.
Robots can be very useful to restore movement abilities of upper and lower limbs. First, they can promote neurorehabilitation as training devices after neurological injuries such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury and stroke. Second, they can be used as assistive devices to support patients or elders with gait impairments in daily life situations. However, current mechatronic solutions are still too bulky, and their sensory technologies and control strategies are still too primitive to support the correct motion and motion intention. Furthermore, they still require a lot of effort, labor and/or surveillance by a human therapist and they are expensive and often not covered by health insurances. Consequently, the use of robots is less intensive than it could be, and they are not yet broadly accepted by the patients and medical staff. Therefore, we need to better connect engineers with clinicians and scientists with practitioners, health care administrators and insurance companies to better define the needs and preferences of the patients, find the responders of future robot-aided therapy and enhance the distribution and acceptance of the technologies. Usability and function of the rehabilitation robots must change not only to increase acceptability but also to improve the effectiveness and, eventually, the therapy outcome and quality of life of the patients who require physiotherapy or occupational therapy.
The program for this workshop will comprise the following list of speakers and titles:
- Robot-Aided Motor Learning in Neurorehabilitation by Jim Patton (Univ Illinois Chicago & Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, USA)
- Implementing robotic Task Specific Training for upper-limb neurorehabilitation: feasibility and challenges by Denny Oetomo (Univ Melbourne, Australia)
- Bringing Rehabilitation Technology Home by Robert Riener (ETH Zurich & University Hospital Balgrist, Switzerland)
- Robotic rehabilitation as an opportunity to diversify and personalize Integrated Care and Rehabilitation Pathways by Francesca Cecchi (Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Univ of Florence & Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy)
- Translation of technology to an outpatient clinic by Nilofar Niazi (Nextherapy, Zurich, Switzerland)
- Wearable robotics: engineering and marketing challenges by Nicola Vitiello (SSSA Pisa, Italy)
Shingo Shimoda (University of Nagoya, Japan)
- Shintaro Oyama, MD. PhD, (University of Nagoya, Japan)
- Clara B. Sanz-Morère, PhD & Jorge A. Gómez-García, PhD (BioRobotics group, CSIC)
- Katsuki Masahito, MD. PhD, (Nagaoka University of Technology, Japan)
- Mohammad Masud, PhD, (United Arab Emirates University, UAE)
- Qi An, PhD, (University of Tokyo, Japan)
This is a continuation of a global workshop series exploring AI applications in the medical industry. The 1st edition of the worldwide network of AI Labs in hospitals (WNAH2023) highlighted the significance of establishing a network of AI Labs in hospitals across five countries (United State, Japan, Australia, UAE, Spain) to standardize knowledge and methods, enabling collaboration between engineers and medical professionals. This initiative aimed to enhance medical research and practice using recent advances in robotics and AI. Building upon this foundational work, the 2nd edition of WNAH2024 further explores the transformative capabilities of AI within the healthcare sector, with a particular emphasis on rehabilitation and data management. This progression highlights the evolving recognition of AI’s potential to revolutionize both patient care and operational efficiencies, transitioning from basic applications to sophisticated decision-making processes that personalize care and optimize data utilization. WNAH2024 aims to provide a deeper exploration into AI’s current state, challenges, and future possibilities in healthcare. It seeks to offer comprehensive insights into AI’s role in rehabilitation, showcasing innovative solutions for personalized therapy and patient monitoring and in data management, where AI tools are vital in handling vast amounts of healthcare data for improved decision-making and patient outcomes. By highlighting successful case studies, addressing ethical and regulatory challenges, and forecasting future trends, the workshop intends to enable a rich discussion among healthcare professionals, technologists, and researchers. The overarching goal is to leverage AI’s power to meet global healthcare challenges, promoting a collaborative approach to develop more effective, efficient, and personalized healthcare solutions through AI. This initiative is crucial for the future of healthcare, emphasizing the need for a collaborative network that spans borders and disciplines. Through WNAH2024, participants will not only gain insights into the practical applications of AI in healthcare but also understand the complexities of integrating AI technologies in clinical settings, and envision the future of a technologically empowered healthcare system. This workshop represents a pivotal step towards realizing the full potential of AI in the healthcare sector, making it an essential gathering for those at the forefront of medical innovation and technology.
The panel discussion will be composed of the workshop organizers and speakers.
Venue Full-day Workshops
Juan Moreno (Biorobotics Group, CAR, UPM-CSIC, Spain)
This workshop aims to provide an overview of the State-Of-The-Art on the fusion of ES and WR technologies, -theoretical and hands-on experiences- highlighting the role of new emerging techniques and technologies in overcoming the traditional drawbacks of ES-WR fusion. The workshop invites contributions related to the fusion of robotic technologies and electrical stimulation (ES), in particular to cover:
- development of new applications of neurorehabilitation therapies based on the fusion of electrical stimulation and wearable robots, incorporating biomechanical models for personalization, intelligent control and hybrid control strategies, using AI-based techniques and new biomarkers that objectively quantify and monitor pathological movement,
- investigation of the ability of ES+wearable robots fusion to induce modulation of spinal and supraspinal centers involved in the underlying mechanisms of movement control disorders in different patient groups, including various multimodal markers and the applicability of AI algorithms to adaptive control of systems,
- development of consensus on a) the experimental design of pilot clinical studies involving ES+robotics fusion and b) the usability evaluation methodologies of new neurorehabilitation systems based on ES+wearable robots and their customization to individual users. This topic includes the exploration/analysis of application scenarios.
- Evaluation of the spinal locomotor output using multifunctional wearable exoskeletons for adaptive and interactive locomotion by Yuri Ivanenko (Fondazione Santa Lucia, Italy)
- Hybrid FES – Soft robotic system, with intuitive EMG control, for training and assisting hand movements by Erika Spaich (Aalborg University, Denmark)
- Chances and Challenges in the implementation of FES driven Robotics in clinical practice by Ines Bersch-Porada (International FES Centre, Switzerland)
- Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation for motor recovery. From the lab to the clinic by Julio Gómez/Diego Serrano (Universidad Castilla La Mancha, Spain)
- Adaptive Control for Triadic Human-Robot-FES Collaboration in Gait Rehabilitation by Andreas Christou (University of Edinburgh, Scotland)
- Adaptive gait event detection algorithms for control of wearable robots by Javier Gil (Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Spain)
- Enhancing functional electrical stimulation rehabilitation through biomechanical insights by Ana C Cardoso de Sousa (Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Spain)
- Design of FES-cycling intervention to treat stroke and SCI inpatients by Tania Olmo (CSIC, Spain)
Max capacity: 20PAX.
Andres Ubeda (University of Alicante)
Alessandro Del Vecchio (Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, FAU)
Leonardo Elias (University of Campinas)
Carina Germer (University of Campinas / Federal University of Pernambuco)
Jose C. Rangel (Technological University of Panama)
Monitoring and delivering personalized hand neurorehabilitation through virtual activities controlled by the neural drive” is an international consortium of European and Latin-American Universities funded within the 4th EU-LAC Joint Call in STI 2022. The aim is to establish a research network between the research groups from Spain, Germany, Brazil, and Panama, with focus on addressing how motor rehabilitation could take advantage of cutting-edge technologies, such as high-density electromyography (HD EMG), virtual reality, and machine learning algorithms in a personalized way and considering the variability of motor diseases and specific geographical conditions. The full day workshop will serve as the second annual meeting of the MYOREHAB project. The decision of making the workshop within ICNR 2024 is to disseminate technical aspects of the project (not only the scientific discoveries) to a broader and qualified audience. Program will include talks on core topics of the project and technical hands-on sessions to train attendees in using and designing new technologies through the methods employed by the MYOREHAB team.
- Workshop Opening by Andres Ubeda (University of Alicante)
- Direct Sensorimotor Connection with the Lesioned Neural Pathways through Spinal Motor Neurons by Alessandro Del Vecchio (Friedrich-Alexander University)
- Neuromechanical Assessment of Motor Control by Carina M. Germer (University of Campinas / Federal University of Pernambuco)
- Coffee Break
- Multiscale Modeling of the Neuromusculoskeletal System to Unveil Neural Mechanisms of Motor Control and Assist Motor Rehabilitation Protocols by Leonardo A. Elias (University of Campinas)
- Hands-on “Neuromuscular Modeling and Simulation”
- Lunch
- Hands Pose Recognition for Virtual Reality and Upper-Limb Rehabilitation by Jose C. Rangel (Technological University of Panama)
- Hands-on “Virtual Reality and Gamification in Neurorehabilitation”
- Coffee Break
- Hands-on “Evaluation of Neuromechanical Biomarkers of Motor Control”
- Round Table / Closing Remarks
Lana Popovic Maneski (Kurage, France)
Nicolas Decorte (Kurage, France)
Part 1, General presentation of the Neuroskin device and the E-Health platform
Part 2, Clinical results and case study by Morrello Clinic
Part 3, Clinical routine and feedbacks from the field with Morrello Clinic and ICS Maugeri
Part 4: Symposium: revolutionizing neurological rehabilitation at home – with Jakko Brouwers (Morrello Clnic, UK), Jesus Tornero (Hospital Los Madroños · Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Spain) Matteo Gallotta (Maugeri, Italy) and Win Yu (Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, USA) ; moderated by Jose Pons.
Description: Stroke is a leading cause of neurological impairment globally, emphasizing the importance of restoring walking ability in rehabilitation. Although Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) has emerged as a modality for post-stroke rehabilitation, hardware complexity impedes widespread adoption. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence offer promising avenues for personalized FES therapies.
Neuroskin is a user-friendly FES walking rehabilitation device powered by AI, easy to embed into clinical routine, allowing gait rehabilitation of post stroke patients in the sub-acute phase. In addition, Nerusokin is an embedded portable gait analysis system, allowing for continuous monitoring of the patient’s improvements. Designed to help increase mobility for patients with a variety of neurological diseases (stroke, traumatic brain or spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson…), Neuroskin is especially efficient for the gait rehabilitation of post stroke patients in the acute and subacute phases.
Kurage aspires to spread awareness about the application of multi-channel FES for gait rehabilitation, made possible by the recent advances in AI, allowing to quickly determine the optimal parameters for every patient.
Eduardo Rocón (Biorobotics Group, CAR, UPM-CSIC, Spain)
This workshop will delve into recent advancements and innovative treatments in the realm of monitoring and rehabilitating pediatric patients. It will showcase cutting-edge technological developments and interfaces designed to facilitate interaction between paediatric populations with various pathologies and novel treatments. These treatments encompass rehab robotics, Virtual Reality, rTMS, TDCs therapies, and their applications in enhancing motor skills, managing pain, and ecologically monitoring patients during their daily activities. Such devices serve as the cornerstone for pioneering rehabilitation techniques. Participants will gain insight into the unique characteristics and potential of this burgeoning field. Throughout the full-day workshop, attendees will engage in discussions addressing challenging issues that have captivated the scientific community. Additionally, ongoing research endeavors aimed at developing new assessment techniques and treatments for paediatric populations will be highlighted. At the conclusion of the workshop, the chairs will summarize the key topics discussed and provide a glimpse into future developments. They will foster a dialogue among presenters and the audience, aiming to chart future research avenues.
- Introduction of the workshop and main challenges in the field by E. Rocon (CSIC, Spain)
- Clinical necessities and challenges in Cerebral Palsy by I. Martinez (Hospital Niño Jesús, Spain)
- Tridimensional Gait Analysis: Making decisions and measuring results quantitatively in Cerebral Palsy by Sergio Lerma (Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Spain)
- The use of the Bio-Psycho-Socio frame in the decision making process by M. Galán (Hospital Niño Jesús, Spain)
- Towards new intervention models in pediatric physiotherapy by Nora Sanz (Nipace, Spain)
- Coffee Break
- On the use of robots in the rehabilitation of pediatric population by Elisa López Dorado (Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo, Spain)
- Upper Limb exoskeletons for rehab of CP patients by R. Raya (CEU, Spain)
- Intensive robotic physical therapy: How long and how often by Mayte (Hospital Niño Jesús, Spain)
- Round table discussion. The list of therapeutic challenges we need to deal with by I. Martínez and S. Lerma (Hospital Niño Jesús, Spain)
- Lunch
- New approaches in the management of gait disorders with AFOs by Cristina Bayón (CSIC, Spain)
- The ATLAS 2030 exoskeleton: A review of indications and results by Carlota García and I. Martínez Caballero (Hospital Niño Jesús, Spain)
- “Discover2Walk”: A new paradigm for gait learning by E. Rocon (CSIC, Spain)
- Live demonstration of different exoskeletons for use in pediatrics (EksoBionics and MarsiBionics)